Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations MERGER On April 30, 1997, Tencor merged into a wholly-owned subsidiary of KLA using the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. Each outstanding share of Tencor was exchanged for one share of KLA and KLA changed its name to KLA-Tencor Corporation (the Company). All financial data of the Company included herein reflects the combination of the historical financial information of both KLA and Tencor. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS As the Company began fiscal year 1997, semiconductor manufacturers were reassessing their spending plans because of the sharp drop in prices for memory devices. This change in market conditions caught them by surprise and resulted in the postponement of many new memory fabrication facilities. Even though prices for logic and microprocessors were not as affected, these manufacturers postponed many expansion projects while they assessed the market. By the December quarter, it became more clear that the memory price drop was not an overall demand problem but a memory oversupply issue. New order levels reflected these conditions and were quite low in the September quarter but began to recover by December. Thus, many logic and microprocessor customers cautiously began to resume their planned expansions. During the March and June quarters these expansion plans accelerated and new orders for the Company reached record levels by June. The market for logic, microprocessor, and foundry fabs continues to be healthy while memory fab construction remains limited primarily to pilot plants for next generation memories. The Company responded quickly to these market changes and reduced spending and reduced shipment levels. Shipments bottomed in December and grew gradually as the new order rate recovered. The Company's operating results benefited from the demand for process control equipment from previously constructed fabs which have not yet been outfitted with a full complement of process monitoring equipment. Thus the Company's results of operations were not affected as severely as many other semiconductor equipment companies and this demand from older facilities has helped the Company to recover faster. REVENUES AND GROSS MARGINS Aggregate revenues reflected the trends described above. Particular strength came from several new product divisions which are either inventing new markets or gaining share with new technologies in established markets. New markets were addressed by the SEMSpec division, which markets a $7 million defect inspection tool using a scanning electron beam, and by the Yield Management Group's new Automatic Defect Classification product. Both these divisions experienced significant new revenues during the year. Additionally, share of market increases resulted in higher revenues for the CD SEM Metrology division (model 8100). Gross margins decreased to 54.3% in 1997 from 57.1% in 1996. The decrease during the period was due primarily to increased warranty and installation costs related to new product introductions and to an increase in infrastructure costs for the Company's Customer Service Group. Gross margin increased slightly to 57.1% in 1996 from 57.0% in 1995 on higher system product margins offset by lower service margins. The Company anticipates that gross margin will increase modestly in 1998. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Research and development (R&D) expenses were $134 million, $116 million and $74 million, or 13.0%, 10.6% and 10.6% of revenues in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The Company has identified a large number of process monitoring and yield management opportunities and has initiated new development programs in these new market segments. As a result, the Company's spending on development programs in 1997 rose as a percent of revenues and the Company expects R&D spending to increase in absolute dollars in 1998. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses were $219 million, $213 million and $141 million, or 21.3%, 19.4% and 20.2% of revenues, in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The increase in absolute dollars in 1997 compared to 1996 can be attributed in part to increases in expenses resulting from the significant efforts involved with enhancements to the Company's information systems infrastructure. In 1996, compared to 1995, SG&A expenses increased in relation to the increased revenues. The Company anticipates that SG&A expenses will increase in absolute dollars in 1998. MERGER AND RESTRUCTURING COSTS The Company recorded charges totaling $60.6 million for merger, restructuring and other non-recurring events which occurred during the year ended June 30, 1997. During the quarter ended June 30, 1997, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $52.1 million for merger, restructuring and other costs. This charge included direct merger costs of $19.4 million for professional fees and other transaction costs associated with the merger, $4.2 million for severance related costs, $13.5 million for non-cash write-offs of certain property, equipment and other assets, $2.6 million for the elimination and/or relocation of duplicate sales and service facilities worldwide and $6.3 million of merger related consulting services and other costs providing no expected future benefit to the Company. Approximately $22 million of the original charge remained in accrued liabilities as of June 30, 1997 and is expected to be utilized within the next twelve months. In addition, the Company incurred a pre-tax charge of $6.1 million as a result of the write-off of a bad debt for shipments made to a Thailand company in fiscal 1997. During the quarter ended September 30, 1996, the Company recorded a charge for Tencor restructuring costs of $8.5 million. This charge consisted of $2.0 million of employee severance and related costs and $6.5 million of lease exit costs associated with the abandonment of certain of Tencor's leased facilities. OTHER INCOME, NET Other income, net consisted primarily of interest income on investments less interest expense on bank borrowings. Also included were foreign currency gains and losses, and certain royalties. PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes on the Company's pretax income was 39.4%, 37.4% and 37.2% in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The Company's effective tax rate in- creased from 1996 to 1997 primarily as a result of certain merger related costs that were not tax deductible. OTHER ACQUISITION COSTS In 1995, the Company acquired Metrologix Inc., a manufacturer of advanced electron beam measurement equipment. A significant portion of the acquisition cost was allocated to acquired in- process technology which was written-off at the time of the acquisition, because substantial research and development investment was necessary to complete the new product development then underway. This resulted in a pre-tax charge of $25 million. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES The Company has financed its growth primarily through cash flow from operations. Cash flow from operations was $236 million in 1997 due to net income (which includes non-cash charges for depreciation), and to declines in accounts receivable and inventory balances year over year. The decrease in accounts receivable during fiscal 1997 is due primarily to improved collections and as a result of a factoring agreement to sell certain trade receivables. Capital expenditures for each of the fiscal years 1997 and 1996 were approximately $60 million, consisting primarily of computers, manufacturing equipment and cleanrooms. The Company expects capital expenditures in 1998 to be at levels approximating those of 1997. At June 30, 1997, the Company's principal sources of liquidity consisted of $349 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and $338 million in marketable securities classified as long-term. The Company believes that the existing cash balances and short-term investments, along with cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet the Company's working capital requirements through 1998. OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING COMPANY RESULTS The Company will continue to invest during fiscal 1998 in expanding its sales and service operations worldwide. The achievement of continued sales and earnings growth will depend, in part, on the success of the merger between KLA and Tencor. There can be no assurance that products, technologies, distribution channels and key personnel will be effectively assimilated into the Company's business, or that such integration may will not adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. As a participant in the semiconductor industry, the Company operates in a technologically advanced, highly competitive environment. In addition, the Company depends in large part on the capital expenditures of semiconductor manufacturers worldwide, which in turn depend on the current and anticipated market demand for integrated circuits and products utilizing integrated circuits. The semiconductor industry has historically been highly cyclical and has experienced periodic downturns, which have had an adverse effect on the level of capital expenditures. While the Company cannot predict what effect these various factors will have on operating results, the effect of these and other factors could significantly affect the Company's future operating results and stock market value. The Company, from time to time, has experienced, and expects to continue to experience, significant fluctuations in its results of operations, particularly on a quarterly basis. The Company's expense levels are based, in part, on expectations of future revenues. If revenue levels in a particular period do not meet expectations, operating results will be adversely affected. A variety of factors have an influence on the Company's operating results in a particular period. These factors primarily include economic conditions in the semiconductor industry, the timing of the receipt of orders from major customers, customer cancellations or delays of shipments, the Company's ability to design, introduce and manufacture new products on a cost effective and timely basis, specific feature requests by customers, production delays or manufacturing inefficiencies. EFFECTS OF RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In February 1997, The Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 128, "Earnings per Share," which is required to be adopted in the Company's fiscal quarter ending December 31, 1997. See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the effect of Statement No. 128. MARKET RISK DISCLOSURE At the end of fiscal 1997, the Company had an investment portfolio of fixed income securities, excluding those classified as cash and cash equivalents, of $408 million (see Note 6 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). These securities, like all fixed income instruments, are subject to interest rate risk and will fall in value if market interest rates increase. If market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels as of June 30, 1997, the fair value of the portfolio would decline by approximately $5.5 million. However, the Company has the ability to hold its fixed income investments until maturity, and therefore the Company would not expect to recognize such an adverse impact in income or cash flows. Other than statements of historical fact, statements made in this Annual Report include forward looking statements, such as statements with respect to the Company's future financial performance, operating results, plans and objectives. Actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated depending on a variety of risk factors some of which are set forth in "Other Factors Affecting Company Results" above. KLA-Tencor CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, 1996 1997 ----------- ----------- In thousands, except per share data ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 201,704 $ 279,225 Short-term investments 108,291 69,606 Accounts receivable, net 310,077 269,291 Inventories 197,803 174,634 Deferred income taxes 41,081 54,799 Other current assets 10,753 12,452 Total current assets 869,709 860,007 Land, property and equipment, net 104,837 117,595 Marketable securities 158,480 338,418 Other assets 24,893 27,287 Total assets $ 1,157,919 $ 1,343,307 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Notes payable $ 35,825 $ 25,113 Accounts payable 44,818 41,155 Other current liabilities 197,669 258,483 Total current liabilities 278,312 324,751 Deferred income taxes and other 8,608 3,943 Commitments and contingencies (Note 4) Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $0.001 par value, 250,000 authorized, 81,746 and 83,759 shares issued and outstanding 82 84 Capital in excess of par value 426,348 458,224 Retained earnings 437,310 542,706 Net unrealized gain on investments 9,203 17,591 Cumulative translation adjustment (1,944) (3,992) Total stockholders' equity 870,999 1,014,613 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,157,919 $ 1,343,307
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. KLA-Tencor CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Year ended June 30, 1995 1996 1997 ---------- ---------- ---------- In thousands, except per share data Revenues $ 695,950 $1,094,492 $1,031,824 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of goods sold 299,571 469,681 471,910 Engineering, research and development 73,945 115,920 134,105 Selling, general and administrative 140,585 212,625 219,425 Merger/restructuring and other charges 25,240 -- 60,552 Total costs and operating expenses 539,341 798,226 885,992 Income from operations 156,609 296,266 145,832 Interest income and other, net 10,417 17,834 28,147 Income before income taxes 167,026 314,100 173,979 Provision for income taxes 62,215 117,466 68,583 Net income $ 104,811 $ 196,634 $ 105,396 Net income per share $ 1.34 $ 2.34 $ 1.24 Weighted average common shares and equivalents 78,427 84,195 85,203
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. KLA-Tencor CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common Stock and Net Cumulative Capital in Excess of Par Value Retained Unrealized Translation Shares Amount Earnings Gain Adjustment Totals ------ ------ -------- ---- ---------- ------ In thousands Balances at June 30, 1994 69,178 $ 170,645 $ 135,865 $ -- $ 823 $ 307,333 Net issuance under employee stock plans 2,846 14,490 -- -- -- 14,490 Equity offering, net of offering costs 7,796 195,019 -- -- -- 195,019 Release of escrowed shares 572 3,396 -- -- -- 3,396 Tax benefits of stock option transactions -- 23,260 -- -- -- 23,260 Cumulative translation adjustment -- -- -- -- 2,672 2,672 Unrealized gain on investments, net -- -- -- 1,241 -- 1,241 Net income -- -- 104,811 -- -- 104,811 Balances at June 30, 1995 80,392 406,810 240,676 1,241 3,495 652,222 Net issuance under employee stock plans 1,604 15,298 -- -- -- 15,298 Repurchase of common stock (250) (5,456) -- -- -- (5,456) Tax benefits of stock option transactions -- 9,778 -- -- -- 9,778 Cumulative translation adjustment -- -- -- -- (5,439) (5,439) Unrealized gain on investments, net -- -- -- 7,962 -- 7,962 Net income -- -- 196,634 -- -- 196,634 Balances at June 30, 1996 81,746 426,430 437,310 9,203 (1,944) 870,999 Net issuance under employee stock plans 2,013 22,235 -- -- -- 22,235 Tax benefits of stock option transactions -- 9,643 -- -- -- 9,643 Cumulative translation adjustment -- -- -- -- (2,048) (2,048) Unrealized gain on investments, net -- -- -- 8,388 -- 8,388 Net income -- -- 105,396 -- -- 105,396 Balances at June 30, 1997 83,759 $ 458,308 $ 542,706 $ 17,591 $ (3,992) $ 1,014,613
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. KLA-TENCOR CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Year ended June 30, 1995 1996 1997 --------- --------- --------- In thousands Cash flows from operating activities: Net income $ 104,811 $ 196,634 $ 105,396 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 15,014 24,967 52,340 Write-off of acquired in-process technology 16,154 -- -- Deferred income taxes (14,140) (19,611) (19,226) Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable, net (110,691) (96,586) 34,859 Inventories (37,311) (86,538) 21,307 Other assets (18,696) 3,815 (11,817) Accounts payable 10,318 15,921 (3,580) Accrued compensation 6,055 9,669 11,669 Other accrued expenses 31,878 47,669 30,084 Income taxes payable 14,196 15,329 15,300 Net cash provided by operating activities 17,588 111,269 236,332 Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment (29,970) (64,589) (56,793) Purchases of available for sale securities (429,519) (509,262) (997,283) Proceeds from available for sale securities 211,326 484,060 870,391 Long-term equity investment (14,182) -- -- Net cash used in investing activities (262,345) (89,791) (183,685) Cash flows from financing activities: Issuance of common stock, net 41,146 25,076 31,878 Proceeds from equity offerings, net 195,019 -- -- Stock repurchases -- (5,456) -- Payments under debt obligations (1,921) (39,277) (42,490) Borrowings under debt obligations 2,978 45,177 35,738 Net cash provided by financing activities 237,222 25,520 25,126 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,163) 2,586 (252) Net increase in cash and cash equivalents (8,698) 49,584 77,521 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 160,818 152,120 201,704 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 152,120 $ 201,704 $ 279,225 Supplemental cash flow disclosures: Income taxes paid $ 53,592 $ 108,196 $ 68,430 Interest paid $ 2,594 $ 2,103 $ 1,551
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1 - BUSINESS COMBINATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION Effective April 30, 1997 following the approval by stockholders, Tencor Instruments (Tencor) merged into a wholly-owned subsidiary of KLA Instruments (KLA) using the pooling-of-interests method of accounting. Each outstanding share of Tencor common stock was exchanged for one share of KLA common stock and the Company changed its name to KLA-Tencor Corporation (the Company). A total of 31.9 million shares of common stock were issued. All financial data of the Company included herein reflects the combination of the historical financial information of both KLA and Tencor. The Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial information presented as of June 30, 1996 and 1997 and for the three years then ended, reflects the combination of KLA's and Tencor's operations for those periods. The following table shows revenues and net income of the separate companies through the periods preceding the business combination:
Year ended June 30, 1995 1996 1997 ---------- ---------- ---------- In thousands Revenues: KLA $ 442,416 $ 694,867 $ 473,586 Tencor 253,534 399,625 282,055 KLA-Tencor -- -- 276,183 Combined $ 695,950 $1,094,492 $1,031,824 Net income: KLA $ 58,618 $ 120,884 $ 69,012 Tencor 46,193 75,750 35,782 KLA-Tencor -- -- 602 Combined $ 104,811 $ 196,634 $ 105,396
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The Company has several foreign subsidiaries. The functional currencies of the Company's significant foreign subsidiaries are the local currencies. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities of the foreign operations are translated to U.S. dollars at current exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated to U.S. dollars using weighted average exchange rates in effect during the period. The gains and losses from foreign currency translation of these subsidiaries' financial statements are recorded directly into a separate component of stockholders' equity under the caption "cumulative translation adjustment." Foreign currency transaction gains and losses have not been significant. Management Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash Equivalents and Investments Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments that are valued at amortized cost, which approximates market value, and have original maturity dates of three months or less from the date of acquisition. Investments in debt and equity securities are classified as "available-for-sale" and have maturities greater than three months from the date of acquisition. The Company has classified all securities as available-for-sale, as the sale of such securities may be required prior to maturity to implement management strategies. Investments classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value with unrealized gains or losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of stockholders' equity, net of applicable taxes, until realized. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue when the product has been shipped and collection of the resulting receivable is probable. A provision for the estimated costs of fulfilling warranty and installation obligations is recorded at the time the related revenue is recognized. Service and maintenance contract revenues are deferred and recognized ratably over the period of the related contract. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or market. Demonstration units are stated at their manufacturing costs and reserves are recorded to state the demonstration units at their net realizable value. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is based on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which are 30 years for buildings, ten years for building improvements, five to seven years for furniture and fixtures, and three to five years for machinery and equipment. The life of the lease or the useful life, whichever is shorter, is used for the amortization of leasehold improvements. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of investments, accounts receivable and financial instruments used in hedging activities. Investments are maintained with high quality institutions, the composition and maturities of which are regularly monitored by management. Generally, these securities are highly liquid and may be redeemed upon demand and, therefore, bear minimal risk. The Company, by policy, limits the amount of credit exposure to any one financial institution or commercial issuer. The Company has not experienced any material losses on its investments. A majority of the Company's trade receivables are derived from sales to large multinational semiconductor manufacturers. Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables is considered to be limited due to its customer base and the diversity of its geographic sales areas. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial condition. The Company maintains a provision for potential credit losses based upon expected collectibility of all accounts receivable. The write-off of uncollectible amounts other than the receivable from a Thailand company (see Note 5) has been insignificant. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by counterparties on the foreign exchange contracts used in hedging activities. The Company does not anticipate nonperformance by these counterparties. Foreign Currency The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge against future movements in foreign exchange rates that affect certain foreign currency denominated sales and purchase transactions. The Company attempts to match the forward contracts with the underlying items being hedged in terms of currency, amount and maturity. Because the impact of movements in currency exchange rates on forward contracts offsets the related impact on the exposures hedged, these financial instruments do not subject the Company to speculative risk that would otherwise result from changes in currency exchange rates. Realized gains and losses on forward exchange contracts are included in other income, net, which offset foreign exchange gains or losses from revaluation of foreign currency-denominated receivable and payable balances. The cash flows related to gains and losses on these contracts are classified in the same category as the hedged transactions in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. At June 30, 1997, the Company had forward exchange contracts maturing throughout fiscal 1998 and early fiscal 1999 to sell and purchase approximately $225.3 million and $9.6 million, respectively, in foreign currency, primarily Japanese yen. At June 30, 1996, the Company had forward contracts maturing throughout fiscal 1997 to sell and purchase approximately $161.6 million and $5.3 million, respectively, in foreign currency, primarily Japanese yen. Of these forward exchange contracts, approximately $83.0 million and $1.0 million of contracts hedge foreign currency assets and liabilities, respectively, carried on the balance sheet as of June 30, 1997, and consequently the financial statements reflect the fair market value of the contracts and their underlying transactions. Approximately $142.3 million and $8.6 million of the contracts hedge firm commitments for future sales and purchases, respectively, denominated in foreign currency. The fair market value of these contracts on June 30, 1997, based upon prevailing market rates on that date, was approximately $142.5 million and $8.3 million, respectively. As of June 30, 1997, and based on prevailing market rates on that date, the unrealized loss on each set of contracts was approximately $0.3 million. Fair Value of Disclosures of Financial Instruments The Company has evaluated the estimated fair value of financial instruments using available market information and valuation methodologies. The amounts reported as cash and cash equivalents, investments and bank borrowings reasonably estimate their fair value. Net Income Per Share Net income per share is computed using the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares (weighted average shares) outstanding during the period, which includes net shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options, when dilutive. In February 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per Share." The Statement redefines earnings per share under generally accepted accounting principles, and is effective for the Company's quarter ending December 31, 1997. Under the new standard, primary earnings per share is replaced by basic earnings per share and fully diluted earnings per share is replaced by diluted earnings per share. If the Company had adopted this Statement for the year ended June 30, 1997, the Company's earnings per share for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 would have been as follows:
1995 1996 1997 -------- -------- -------- Earnings per share: Basic $ 1.40 $ 2.42 $ 1.29 Diluted $ 1.34 $ 2.34 $ 1.24
Reclassifications Certain amounts in fiscal years prior to 1997 have been reclassified to conform to the 1997 financial statement presentation. Stock-Based Compensation Plans The Company accounts for its stock option plans and employee stock purchase plan in accordance with provisions of the Accounting Principles Board's Opinion No. 25 (APB 25), "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." The Company's policy is to grant options at the fair market value on the date of grant. Accordingly no compensation expense has been recorded. In 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board released SFAS 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." SFAS 123 provides an alternative to APB 25 requiring additional disclosure effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1995. The Company continues to account for its employee stock plans in accordance with APB 25 and provides the additional disclosure required by SFAS 123. Accordingly, SFAS 123 did not have any impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income." This Statement establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components (revenues, expenses, gains, and losses) in a full set of general-purpose financial statements. Such items may include foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains/losses from investing and hedging activities, and other transactions. This Statement requires that all items that are required to be recognized under accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. This Statement is required to be adopted in the Company's fiscal year ending June 30, 1999. In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement No. 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." This Statement establishes standards for the way that public business enterprises report information about operating segments in annual financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in interim financial reports issued to stockholders. It also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. This Statement is required to be adopted in the Company's fiscal year ending June 30, 1999. NOTE 3 - BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
June 30, 1996 1997 ------ ------ In thousands Inventories: Customer service parts $ 26,078 $ 31,387 Raw materials 54,602 36,829 Work-in-process 64,532 71,998 Demonstration equipment 47,349 20,580 Finished goods 5,242 13,840 $197,803 $174,634
Property and equipment: Land $ 10,502 $ 10,502 Buildings and improvements 30,353 11,053 Machinery and equipment 99,307 129,869 Office furniture and fixtures 15,622 17,849 Leasehold improvements 21,301 38,805 177,085 208,078 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization (72,248) (90,483) $ 104,837 $ 117,595 Other current liabilities: Warranty, installation and retrofit $ 44,021 $ 50,569 Compensation and benefits 65,286 76,955 Income taxes payable 45,288 62,784 Other accrued expenses 43,074 68,175 $ 197,669 $ 258,483
NOTE 4 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES The Company has an agreement with a bank to sell, with recourse, certain of its trade receivables. The total amount of the facility is the yen equivalent of approximately $106 million based upon exchange rates as of June 30, 1997. The Company has accounted for the sale of certain of these receivables as an off- balance sheet financing arrangement. During fiscal 1997, a total of the yen equivalent of approximately $138 million of receivables were sold under this arrangement. As of June 30, 1997, the yen equivalent of $50 million remains uncollected. The Company does not believe it is materially at risk for any losses as a result of this agreement. The Company has entered into various operating leases for land, office and manufacturing facilities constructed for its use in Milpitas and San Jose, California. Monthly rent payments under these leases vary based upon the London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR). Under certain of these leases the Company's obligation has been collateralized at the Company's option in order to reduce the monthly payments. The leases for the Milpitas and San Jose facilities provide the Company with the option at the end of each lease of either acquiring the properties at their original cost or arranging for the properties to be acquired. If the Company does not purchase the properties at the end of the leases, the Company will be contingently liable to the lessor for residual value guarantees aggregating $103 million. In addition, under the terms of the leases, the Company must maintain compliance with certain financial covenants. As of June 30, 1997, the Company was in compliance with all of its covenants. Management believes that the contingent liability relating to the residual value guarantees does not currently have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. The Company leases several other facilities under operating leases that expire at various times through fiscal 2012, with renewal options at the fair market value for additional periods up to five years. The Company also leases equipment and other facilities under operating leases. Total rent expense under all operating leases was $14.9 million, $10.3 million and $6.4 million for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Future minimum lease commitments under these operating leases at June 30, 1997 (which include estimated lease payments for the Company's Milpitas and San Jose, California facilities using a LIBOR of approximately 6% and total construction costs of $126 million), are $68 million, representing $13.7 million, $12.7 million, $11.2 million, $9.3 million, $6.6 million and $13.5 million in fiscal 1998 through 2002 and thereafter, respectively. NOTE 5 - MERGER, RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES The Company recorded charges totaling $60.6 million for merger, restructuring and other non-recurring events that occurred during the year ended June 30, 1997. During the quarter ended June 30, 1997, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $52.1 million for merger, restructuring and other costs. This charge consisted of merger and restructuring costs of $46.0 million as a result of the business combination of KLA and Tencor, which was effective on April 30, 1997. This charge included direct merger costs of $19.4 million, which consisted of professional fees and other transaction costs associated with the merger, $4.2 million for severance related costs, $13.5 million for non-cash write-offs of certain redundant property, equipment and other assets, $2.6 million for the elimination and/or relocation of duplicate sales and service facilities worldwide and $6.3 million of other costs, primarily fees for merger-related consulting services providing no expected future benefit to the Company. In addition, the Company incurred a pre-tax charge of $6.1 million as a result of the write-off of a bad debt for shipments made to a Thailand company in fiscal 1997. Of the $52.1 million total merger, restructuring and other costs recorded during the quarter ended June 30, 1997, approximately $30 million was used as of June 30, 1997, with the remaining balance of $22 million expected to be utilized during the next twelve months. During the quarter ended September 30, 1996, the Company recorded a charge for restructuring costs of $8.5 million. This charge consisted of $2.0 million in employee severance and related costs and $6.5 million in lease exit costs associated with the abandonment of certain of the Company's leased facilities. During the quarter ended March 31, 1997, the Company completed occupation of its new facility in Milpitas, California. Of the $8.5 million total restructuring costs, approximately $2.1 million remained as of June 30, 1997, and is expected to be utilized during the next three months. NOTE 6 - INVESTMENTS The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available for sale as of June 30, 1996 and 1997, are as follows (in thousands):
Gross Gross Gross Estimated Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair Cost Gains Losses Value --------- ---------- ---------- --------- June 30, 1996 U.S. Treasuries $ 36,375 $ 97 $ 319 $ 36,153 Municipal bonds 184,081 549 318 184,312 Corporate debt securities 32,654 50 320 32,384 Other 190,299 17,302 547 207,054 443,409 17,998 1,504 459,903 Less: Cash equivalents (194,373) (50) (1,291) (193,132) Short-term investments (108,435) (56) (200) (108,291) Long-term investments $ 140,601 $ 17,892 $ 13 $ 158,480 June 30, 1997 U.S. Treasuries $ 70,777 $ 236 $ 373 $ 70,640 Municipal bonds 273,391 1,010 494 273,907 Corporate debt securities 26,120 63 228 25,955 Other 245,178 28,111 26 273,263 615,466 29,420 1,121 643,765 Less: Cash equivalents (235,622) (135) (16) (235,741) Short-term investments (42,159) (28,517) (1,070) (69,606) Long-term investments $ 337,685 $ 768 $ 35 $ 338,418
The contractual maturities of securities classified as available for sale as of June 30, 1997, regardless of the consolidated balance sheet classification, are as follows (in thousands):
Estimated Fair Value ---------- Due within one year $264,342 Due after one year through five years 191,237 Due after five years 188,186 $643,765
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The realized gains and losses for the years ended June 30, 1997 and 1996, were not material to the Company's financial position or results of operations. NOTE 7 - INCOME TAXES
Year ended June 30, 1995 1996 1997 -------- -------- -------- In thousands The components of income before income taxes are as follows: Domestic income before income taxes $144,117 $290,199 $152,778 Foreign income before income taxes 22,909 23,901 21,201 $167,026 $314,100 $173,979
The provision (benefit) for income taxes is comprised of the following: Current: Federal $ 63,250 $ 109,420 $ 66,439 State 10,258 18,193 10,603 Foreign 6,788 9,557 8,808 80,296 137,170 85,850 Deferred: Federal (17,291) (19,162) (15,238) State (1,791) (1,787) (1,766) Foreign 1,001 1,245 (263) (18,081) (19,704) (17,267) Provision for income taxes $ 62,215 $ 117,466 $ 68,583
Actual current tax liabilities are lower than reflected above for 1995, 1996 and 1997 by $23.3, $9.8 and $9.6 million, respectively, due to the stock option deduction benefits recorded as credits to capital in excess of par value. The significant components of deferred income tax assets (liabilities) are as follows: Deferred tax assets: Federal and state loss and credit carryforwards $ 3,034 $ 2,820 State tax 1,765 597 Nondeductible reserves and other 51,579 73,767 56,378 77,184 Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation (1,870) (4,105) Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries (10,634) (11,239) Unrealized (gain) loss on investments 83 (11,036) Other (2,097) (2,713) (14,518) (29,093) Valuation allowance (4,576) (4,576) Net deferred tax assets $ 37,284 $ 43,515
The reconciliation of the United States federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows:
1995 1996 1997 ---- ---- ---- Federal statutory rate 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% State income taxes, net of federal benefit 3.6 3.5 3.3 Effect of foreign operations taxed at various rates 0.9 0.4 0.7 Benefit from foreign sales corporation (2.8) (2.9) (3.3) Realized deferred tax assets previously reserved (1.4) (0.4) -- Merger related costs 0.4 -- 4.5 Other 1.5 1.7 (0.8) 37.2% 37.3% 39.4%
Undistributed earnings of certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries, for which no U.S. federal income taxes have been provided, aggregated approximately $11.2 million at June 30, 1997. The amount of the unrecognized deferred tax expense related to the investments in foreign subsidiaries is estimated at approximately $4.0 million at June 30,1997. The IRS is currently auditing the Company's federal income tax returns for fiscal 1985 to 1992 and 1995 to 1996. The Company received a notice of proposed tax deficiency for the years 1985 through 1992 and filed a tax protest letter with the IRS on June 10, 1996 in response to that IRS notice. Final proposed adjustments have not been received for these years. Management believes sufficient taxes have been provided in prior years and that the ultimate outcome of the IRS audits will not have a material adverse impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. NOTE 8 - STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS In March 1989, the Company implemented a plan to protect stockholders' rights in the event of a proposed takeover of the Company. The plan provides that if any person or group acquires 15% or more of the Company's Common Stock, each right not owned by such person or group will entitle its holder to purchase, at the then-current exercise price, shares of the Company's Common Stock which have a value of twice that exercise price. The rights are redeemable by the Company and expire in April 2006. Stock Option and Incentive Plans. The Company has various stock option and management incentive plans for selected employees, officers, directors, and consultants. The plans provide for grants in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock purchase rights, and performance shares. As of June 30, 1997, only stock options have been granted under the plans. In calendar 1996, the Company offered employees the right to reprice certain stock options issued to employees during the period from August 1994 through August 1996. The repricing was done in the form of an exchange, whereby eligible optionees could cancel their current options in exchange for new options with exercise prices at the fair market value on the date of grant. The activity under the option plans, combined, was as follows:
Weighted- Available Options Average For Grant Outstanding Exercise Price ---------- ----------- -------------- Balances at June 30, 1994 2,062,457 6,985,033 $ 4.57 Additional shares reserved 4,000,000 -- -- Options granted (3,753,693) 3,753,693 19.68 Options canceled 429,850 (477,628) 8.24 Options exercised -- (2,523,668) 3.72 Balances at June 30, 1995 2,738,614 7,737,430 11.82 Additional shares reserved 3,700,000 -- -- Options granted (3,283,370) 3,283,370 30.62 Options canceled 1,240,116 (1,253,098) 32.03 Options exercised -- (906,797) 5.40 Balances at June 30, 1996 4,395,360 8,860,905 16.70 Additional shares reserved 1,600,000 -- -- Options granted (4,479,879) 4,479,879 30.15 Options canceled 610,357 (1,992,129) 31.22 Options exercised -- (1,087,689) 8.20 Balances at June 30, 1997 2,125,838 10,260,966 $ 20.65
The options outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 1997 have been segregated into ranges for additional disclosure as follows:
Options Outstanding Options Vested and Exercisable ------------------- ---------------------------------------- Number Weighted-Average Weighted - Number Vested Weighted- Range of Outstanding Remaining Average and Exercisable Average Exercise Prices at 06/30/97 Contractual Life Exercise Price at 06/30/97 Exercise Price - --------------------------- ---------------- -------------- -------------------------- --------- $1.45 - $ 3.75 1,415,825 3.98 $ 3.46 1,295,526 $ 3.51 $4.13 - $ 9.63 742,599 5.99 $ 6.08 661,801 $ 6.07 $10.13 - $17.63 1,511,118 8.25 $16.01 1,476,570 $ 16.07 $17.75 - $21.63 3,581,439 8.17 $19.58 943,459 $ 18.98 $21.88 - $30.06 1,038,634 8.78 $23.52 156,484 $ 24.78 $33.81 - $46.56 1,971,351 9.71 $42.49 59,123 $ 39.24 $1.45 - $46.56 10,260,966 7.80 $20.65 4,592,963 $ 12.28
The weighted average fair value of options granted in 1997 and 1996 as defined by SFAS 123 is $14.61 and $14.56, respectively. Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Company's employee stock purchase plan provides that eligible employees may contribute up to 10% of their earnings toward the purchase of the Company's Common Stock twice a year. The employee's purchase price is derived from a formula based on the fair market value of the Common Stock. No compensation expense is recorded in connection with the plan. In 1997, 1996 and 1995, 925,311, 697,203 and 322,332 shares, respectively, had been purchased by employees. At June 30, 1997, 1,001,044 shares were reserved and available for issuance under this plan. Pro Forma Net Income and Earnings Per Share. Pro forma information regarding net income and net income per share is required by SFAS 123, and has been determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock purchase plan and employee stock options granted subsequent to June 30, 1995, under the fair value method of SFAS 123. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions:
1996 1997 ---- ---- Stock option plan: Expected stock price volatility 50.0% 50.0% Risk free interest rate 6.4% 6.2% Expected life of options (years) 5.4 5.4 Stock purchase plan: Expected stock price volatility 50.0% 50.0% Risk free interest rate 5.7% 5.6% Expected life of options (years) 1-2 1-2
The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because the options granted pursuant to the Company's employee stock option and purchase plan have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of such Company options. For purposes of pro forma disclosures required by SFAS 123, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized to expense over the options' vesting periods. The Company's pro forma information for the years ended June 30, 1996 and 1997 follows (in thousands except for earnings per share information):
1996 1997 ----------- ----------- Net income: Historical $ 196,634 $ 105,396 Pro forma $ 189,331 $ 89,608 Earnings per share: Historical $ 2.34 $ 1.24 Pro forma $ 2.27 $ 1.07
The pro forma effect on net income and earnings per share for fiscal 1997 and fiscal 1996 is not representative of the pro forma effect on net income in future years because it does not take into consideration pro forma compensation expense related to grants made prior to fiscal 1996. Other Employee Benefit Plans. The Company has a profit sharing program for eligible employees which distributes, on a quarterly basis, a percentage of pretax profits. In addition, the Company has an employee savings plan that qualifies as a deferred salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. During 1997, the Company matched dollar-for-dollar up to $1,500 of an eligible employee's contribution. The total charge to operations under the profit sharing and 401(k) plans aggregated approximately $23.9 million, $32.0 million and $20.5 million in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The Company has a non-qualified deferred compensation plan whereby certain key executives may defer a portion of their salary and bonus. Participants direct the investment of their account balances among mutual funds selected by the participants. Distributions commence following a participant's retirement or termination of employment. At June 30, 1997, the Company had a deferred compensation liability under the plan of $15.3 million. NOTE 9 - INDUSTRY AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION No single customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in 1997, 1996 and 1995. International sales accounted for 65%, 66% and 65% of the Company's revenues in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The Company designs, manufactures, markets and services wafer defect inspection systems, reticle inspection systems, thin film measurement and metrology systems used primarily in the manufacture of integrated circuits by the semiconductor industry. The following is a summary of the Company's geographic operations:
Year ended June 30, 1995 1996 1997 ----------- ----------- ----------- In thousands Sales to unaffiliated customers: United States $ 245,666 $ 375,639 $ 364,162 International: Western Europe 83,077 141,062 116,461 Japan 217,488 352,080 257,382 Asia Pacific 141,469 222,957 272,966 ROW 8,250 2,754 20,853 Total 695,950 1,094,492 1,031,824 Intercompany sales among geographic areas: United States 60,861 90,561 5,548 Western Europe 32,157 54,059 85,075 Japan 28,225 81,494 124,998 Asia Pacific 10,225 18,627 6,337 Consolidation eliminations (131,468) (244,741) (221,958) Total $ 695,950 $ 1,094,492 $ 1,031,824 Operating results: United States $ 53,037 $ 75,597 $ 40,802 Western Europe 25,980 54,436 39,344 Japan 68,595 124,100 68,835 Asia Pacific 53,337 67,085 62,685 General corporate 200,949 321,218 211,666
expenses (44,340) (24,952) (65,834) Income from operations $ 156,609 $ 296,266 $ 145,832 Identifiable assets: United States $ 250,026 $ 423,560 $ 822,067 Western Europe 43,007 51,045 49,417 Japan 113,565 124,839 100,311 Asia Pacific 46,377 81,724 22,680 General corporate assets 397,431 476,751 348,832 Total assets $ 850,406 $ 1,157,919 $ 1,343,307
Intercompany sales among the Company's geographic areas are recorded on the basis of intercompany prices established by the Company. At June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, total foreign liabilities (excluding intercompany balances) were $85 million, $76 million and $54 million, respectively. For fiscal years 1997, 1996 and 1995, foreign capital expenditures and depreciation expense were $4 million, $7 million and $3 million and $2 million, $1 million and $1, respectively. NOTE 10 - CERTAIN TRANSACTIONS Uniphase In November 1995, the Company entered into agreements with Uniphase Corporation (Uniphase) to license certain technology, provide partial funding for research and development and purchase 665,568 shares of Uniphase's common stock (adjusted to reflect a two-for-one stock split in June 1996). Under these agreements, the Company became the exclusive OEM reseller of Uniphase's laser imaging defect review station and automatic defect classification (ADC) software. The Company recorded the license as acquired product technology and is amortizing the cost over its estimated useful life of three years. The research and development funding is charged to research and development expense over the term of the funding agreement. The Company has recorded the purchase of Uniphase common stock as a short-term marketable equity investment at its fair value at the time of the purchase. Included under the caption "Accumulated unrealized gain on investments, net" is $17.7 million related to the increase in fair market value of the Company's investment in Uniphase common stock as of June 30, 1997. Metrologix In December 1994, the Company acquired Metrologix Inc., a manufacturer of advanced electron beam measurement equipment. The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. A significant portion of the acquisition cost was allocated to acquired in-process technology that was written off at the time of the acquisition, because further substantial research and development investment was necessary to complete the new product development then underway. This resulted in a pre-tax charge of $25.2 million. NOTE 11 - QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
Sept. 30 Dec. 31 March 31 June 30 -------- -------- -------- -------- In thousands, except per share amounts 1997: Revenues $261,140 $242,155 $252,346 $276,183 Gross profit 145,776 127,281 135,241 151,616 Income from operations 46,165(1) 47,750 49,000 2,917(2) Net income 33,580(1) 34,219 36,995 602(2) Net income per share $ 0.40(1) $ 0.40 $ 0.43 $ 0.01(2) 1996: Revenues $237,079 $261,672 $293,777 $301,964 Gross profit 137,906 150,784 167,715 168,406 Income from operations 68,078 72,765 79,051 76,372 Net income 45,500 48,614 52,068 50,452 Net income per share $ 0.54 $ 0.58 $ 0.62 $ 0.61
(1) Includes restructuring costs of $8.5 million. Net income and net income per share would have been $39.0 million and $0.46, respectively, excluding these costs. (2) Includes merger, restructuring and other costs of $52.1 million. Net income and net income per share would have been $42 million and $0.48, respectively, excluding these costs. QUARTERLY COMMON STOCK MARKET PRICE:
1997 Quarter ended Sept. 30 Dec. 31 March 31 June 30 -------- ------- -------- ------- High 24 3/4 40 3/4 49 3/4 53 1/8 Low 14 3/4 17 5/8 25 1/2 35 1/2
1996 Quarter ended Sept. 30 Dec. 31 March 31 June 30 -------- ------- -------- ------- High 47 1/8 46 3/4 35 1/4 31 1/4 Low 38 1/2 24 3/4 16 1/2 17 1/4
The preceding table sets forth the high and low closing prices as reported on the Nasdaq National Market System during the last two years. As of September 2, 1997, there were approximately 1,833 stockholders of record of the Company's Common Stock. The price for the Company's Common Stock as of the close of business on September 2, 1997 was $71.38 per share. The Company has never paid cash dividends to its stockholders. The Company does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of KLA-Tencor Corporation In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of income, of stockholders' equity and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of KLA-Tencor Corporation and its subsidiaries at June 30, 1997 and 1996, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for the opinion expressed above. PRICE WATERHOUSE LLP San Jose, California July 28, 1997